Nch accounting11/23/2023 In conclusion, N, P, and K deficiencies strongly modulated exodermal differentiation. The maturation of the endodermis responded in a similar way. Within a single root, localized deficiencies didn't result in an evenly differentiated exodermis, in contrast to other stress factors. The split-root cultivation proved that the effect is non-systemic, but locally coordinated for individual roots. Our study showed that the establishment of the exodermis was enhanced in low-N and low-P plants, but delayed in low-K plants. To differentiate systemic and localized effects, nutrient deficiencies were applied in three different approaches: to the root system as a whole, locally to discrete parts, or on one side of a single root. We analysed the effect of nutrient deficiency (N, P, K, Mg, Ca, K, Fe) on exodermal and endodermal differentiation in maize. This study focused on the trade-off between the protective advantages provided by the exodermis and its disadvantageous reduction of cortical membrane surface area accessible by apoplastic route, thus limiting nutrient acquisition from the rhizosphere. Abstract: The exodermis is a common apoplastic barrier of the outer root cortex, with high environmentally-driven plasticity and a protective function.
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